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Rolled homogeneous armour
Rolled homogeneous armor (RHA) is a type of armor made of a single steel composition, as opposed to layered or cemented armor. Its first common application was in tanks. It fell out of use after World War II as new anti-tank rounds were developed, against which it was ineffective.
==Composition==
Armored steel must be hard, yet resistant to shock, in order to resist high velocity metal projectiles. Steel with these characteristics is produced by processing cast steel billets of appropriate size and then rolling them into plates of required thickness. Hot rolling homogenizes the grain structure of the steel, removing imperfections which would reduce the strength of the steel. Rolling also elongates the grain structure in the steel to form long lines, which spreads stress loaded onto the steel throughout the metal, avoiding a concentration of stress in one area.
RHA is called homogeneous armor because its structure and composition is uniform throughout its thickness. The opposite of homogeneous steel plate is cemented or face-hardened steel plate, where the face of the steel is composed differently from the substrate. The face of the steel, which starts as an RHA plate, is hardened by a heat-treatment process.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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